Peat and lignite burner



H. N. HAGER ET M FEAT AND LIGNITE BURNER Filed July 17, 1923 IEN-rom@ WPI-MESSE@ www 572W BY,

ATTO R N EY Patented Dec. 9., 1924. l

UNITED STATES PATENT oFF-ICE. y,

HENRY N. HAGER; A N-D JAMES E, FLYNN, OF THIEF RIVER FALLS, MINNESOTA.

PRAT AND LIGNITE BRNER.

Appucatisfimed July 17,

To all whom it may concerns Be it known that we, HENY N. HAGER and J AMES E. FLYN'N,citizens of the United- State, residing atfThief River Falls, in the county ofv Pennington and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and useful p Peat and Lignite Burner, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to 'a stove which is especially adapted for burning peat, lignite, or other fuel ,of asimilar nature.

In many parts of the country, which are located ata considerable distance from available coal deposits, and where by reason( of the high cost of transportation and the excessive cost of the coal at the mines, the cost of such fuel is well nighprohibitive,

there are abundant ,deposits of lignite orthe like, which may be obtained at a com'- parativelv small cost, and which are available for fuel provided a suitable device may be obtained for utilizing-the same.

With these facts in mind,r1t is the general object of the present invention to provide i a device which -such -fuel as lignite or peat maybe successfully and economically burned.` w'

A more" specificzlobject of the invention is to provide vxa'device of this character `in which practically lall ofthe gases produced from therffuel bythe heating of the same may be-eoonomically used for heating' purposes, `while the f residue, which is in the.

nature of` coke, charcoal or char may be also utilized for heating or lmay be produced as a byproduct. v

rIhe nature of the invention and the spe-` cific structure of the -referred embodiment thereof will be more lly explained in con; nection with the accompanying `drawing, in whichy Figure l is a vertical sectional'view of a stove embodying our invention with the base of the stove shown in elevation.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the'same taken substantially on the line 2-2 of VFigure l.

Figure 3' is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 3 3 of Figure 1.

The stove comprises the usual cylindrical drum 5 having a fuel door 4, the lower end of the drum being tapered, as shown at 6, after the manner of the usual fire pot. rllhis re pot rests upon a suitable base "7, which-provides a receptacle for` the ashes 192s. serial massages.l

and has a front-door 8 with the usual draft 'damper 9. c The'inner side ofthel base iS,`

ably supportedlby the drum 5 is an annular rim 13, having a cover 14 vwhich is' pivoted atv 15 t o swing laterally, and is provided v'with a latch'16 cooperating with a keeper 1.7 toretain the cover in practically air tight relation tothe rim 13.' A fuel magazine 18 is suspended from the rim 13 and has a closed bottom 19 adapted to support a bucket 20, which contains the fuel.

The bucket 20 is provided ,with a suitable` bail 2l, or similar means for lifting it out of the magazine. to .remove the coke', and

to lill it with a fresh charge of fuel. Ribs 22 are preferably formed on the inner wall of the magazine-18 for guiding the bucket. 20 and holding it in spaced relation to the wall of the magazine.

A gas plpe 23l extends through the wall of the magazine 18 andl the drum 5 for conductingthe gases produced by the heati-ng of the fuel, and v this pipe leads downwardly and through the wall of the ash pit or base 7, and terminates 1nl a gas 'y burner 24 located centrally of the grate 12.

Thegrate is provided with suitable Aopen-- ings 25 for the ashes to' drop into the base 7, and a plate 26 with corresponding per- -forations 27 is pivotally'supported on the lower end of the gaspipe 23 and provided with a handle 28, by means of .which it maybe oscillated to shake the ashes into the pit 7.

In kindling a fire, the bucket `20 is Vfilled with the lignite or peat, and a small wood lire'is initially kind ed within the fire pot v6. The heat from the wood re starts the generation of the bituminous gases from the fuel lin the bucket 20, and these gases are vconducted through the pipe123 to the gas burner 24. After'. the generation of the gas..is once started, greenvfuel or coke may be used in' the fire pot and the' heat from the burning gas will' assist in maintaining the fire so thatthe distillation of the peat or lignite inthe magazinewill continue until all thegas is expelled therefrom. The production of gas will be increased if the peat or lignite is saturated with water` at the beginnmg of the operation, since the combination ofthe Water With some of the excess carbon produces a certain proportionV of water gas. When dry peat is used about twenty-five to thirty per cent Water should lbe added in order to get the best results. After the gas is genlerating freely, the stove should be closed up tight, .whereupon a moderate fire may be maintained for half a. day' Without recharging.

The drum is provided at the top with the usual stove pipe 29 for the escape of the products of combustion. In order to prevent the pressure of gas'within' the magazine-18 from being excessive, it is advisable `Wardly sufficiently to permit the escape of the excess gas through the branch 3l into the smokeA pipe;

-By means of this invention, the raw, Wet peat, as it comesfrom the bog, or other .'Wejt'or green fuel,.may be placed directly Within the magazine 18, and after the operation is fonce started the gas Will be generated continuously until the fuel in the magazine 1s reduced to coke, charcoal or char.` Llgnite, slack; dust, screenings or other fuel may bevtreated in the same manv ner, but care should. be taken that the fuel used should contain twenty-five to thirty vvper cent of moisture." By means of this in- 'vention allsuch fuels containing av large' vpercentage of bituminous gas'may be -economically burned with the highest degree of efficiency. 4The heat produced by thecombustion of the gas is completely utilized by being burned at the base of the stove, so that t-he heat is radiated therefrom instead of passing out through the smo-ke flue. lIt will, therefore, be seen that a. greater number of heat units Will be utilized, and with an ordinary stove all of the gases are burned at a point Where the heat will-be radiated into the room, and a continuous and uniform operation is obtained'- Without any difficulty being experienced from cak-v inof and. a consequent stoppage o-f the draft.

hile We have shown and illustrated the specific details of one form in which the invention may be embodied, itis to be understood that this is merely illustrative, and

` that various modifications maybe made in the shape and proportions of the various parts, as Well as in their relative arrangement Without departing from the principles of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof, and it is therefore our intention to include all such modifications Within the scope of the appended claims.

reissen TVIWhat is claimed is; i. ln a stove of the characterdescribed, the combination of a drum provided with an air inlet opening and a dischargjie pipe, a. fuel n'iagazine suspeiu d from the top of the drum and having a closed bottom, a gas burner located within the drum beneath the magazine. a gas supply pipe leading from the magazine to said burner, a passageway leading from the magazine to the smoke pipe, and a safety valve normally closing said passageway but responsive to a predetermined pressure to permit the escape of the gases into the sin-oke pipe.Y

2. ln a stove of the clia'acter described, the combination of a drum having e tapered baseiforining a fire pot, an air opening be neath the fire pot provided With a damper, a smoke discharge openingleading from the drum, a fuel magazine' suspended Within the upper portion of the drum and having a. closed bottom spaced from the bottom of `the `fire pot, a gas burner located at the bottom of the fire pot and having i, gas supply pipe leading from the magazine, a, passageway leading from the magazine fo the smoke discharge pipe, and a .safety valve normally closing said passageway.

3. In a stove of the character described, the combination of a drum provided with an air inlet opening and a smoke discharge pipe, said drum having an annular top, a

fuel magazine suspended from said top and having a closed bottom spaced from the bottom of the drum, a substantially air tight cover for said magazine, a gas burner located at the bottom of the drum, a gas sup- 4ply pipe leading from the magazine to said burner, a passageway leading from the niagazine to the smoke pipe, and a safety valve normally closing said passageway but responsive to a predetermined pressure to permit thees'cape of the gases into the smoke pipe.

4. In a stove of the character described, the combination of a drum having a tapered base forming a lfire pot, a grate with a gas burner at its center, said grate and burner together forming the bottom of the fire pot, an air `damper beneath the grate, a smoke discharge opening in the upper portion of the drum, a normally closed fuel magazine disposed centrally of the upper portion of the drum and spaced from the bottom thereof leaving a clear space between the bottom of the magazine and the bottom of the fire pot, and a gas pipe leading from the magazine to the gas burner.

5. In a stove of the character described, the combination of a drum with its lower end constitutinga fire pot, a fuel magazine' suspended Within the drum and spaced from l for the fuel, an air tight cover for the magazine, said magazine containing a-removable fuel reoeptaole resting on the bottom thereof but spaced from the sides of said magazine, said receptacle being removable through the top of the magazine when the cover isf opened, a, gas burner forming a part of the bottom of the fire pot, and a, gas4 supply pipe leading from the magazine to the burner.

natures.

' HENRY N. HAGER;

JAMES E. FLYNN.` 

